Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2005) - Libya (2002)

Compare Trinidad and Tobago (2005) z Libya (2002)

	Trinidad and Tobago (2005)	Libya (2002)

Administrative divisions	9 regional corporations, 2 city corporations, 3 borough corporations, and 1 ward regional corporations: Couva/Tabaquite/Talparo, Diego Martin, Mayaro/Rio Claro, Penal/Debe, Princes Town, Sangre Grande, San Juan/Laventille, Siparia, Tunapuna/Piarco city corporations: Port-of-Spain, San Fernando; borough corporations: Arima, Point Fortin, Chaguanas ward: Tobago	25 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ajdabiya, Al 'Aziziyah, Al Fatih, Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jufrah, Al Khums, Al Kufrah, An Nuqat al Khams, Ash Shati', Awbari, Az Zawiyah, Banghazi, Darnah, Ghadamis, Gharyan, Misratah, Murzuq, Sabha, Sawfajjin, Surt, Tarabulus, Tarhunah, Tubruq, Yafran, Zlitan; note - the 25 municipalities may have been replaced by 13 regions
Age structure	0-14 years: 20.7% (male 115,594/female 109,665) 15-64 years: 71% (male 403,301/female 369,664) 65 years and over: 8.3% (male 40,638/female 49,782) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 35% (male 958,243; female 917,940) 15-64 years: 61% (male 1,694,986; female 1,581,400) 65 years and over: 4% (male 105,500; female 110,516) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	cocoa, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry	wheat, barley, olives, dates, citrus, vegetables, peanuts, soybeans; cattle
Airports	6 (2004 est.)	136 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 3 over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 58 over 3,047 m: 23 2,438 to 3,047 m: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 22 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)	total: 78 over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 39 under 914 m: 18 (2002)
Area	total: 5,128 sq km land: 5,128 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 1,759,540 sq km land: 1,759,540 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Delaware	slightly larger than Alaska
Background	The islands came under British control in the 19th century; independence was granted in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.	Since he took power in a 1969 military coup, Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI has espoused his own political system - a combination of socialism and Islam - which he calls the Third International Theory. Viewing himself as a revolutionary leader, he used oil funds during the 1970s and 1980s to promote his ideology outside Libya, even supporting subversives and terrorists abroad to hasten the end of Marxism and capitalism. Libyan military adventures failed, e.g., the prolonged foray of Libyan troops into the Aozou Strip in northern Chad was finally repulsed in 1987. Libyan support for terrorism decreased after UN sanctions were imposed in 1992. Those sanctions were suspended in April 1999.
Birth rate	12.81 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	27.59 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $3.25 billion expenditures: $3.193 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (2004 est.)	revenues: $9.3 billion expenditures: $9.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)
Capital	Port-of-Spain	Tripoli
Climate	tropical; rainy season (June to December)	Mediterranean along coast; dry, extreme desert interior
Coastline	362 km	1,770 km
Constitution	1 August 1976	11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago	conventional long form: Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya conventional short form: Libya local long form: Al Jumahiriyah al Arabiyah al Libiyah ash Shabiyah al Ishtirakiyah al Uzma local short form: none
Currency	-	Libyan dinar (LYD)
Death rate	9.37 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	3.5 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$2.94 billion (2004 est.)	$4.7 billion (2001 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain telephone: [1] (868) 622-6372 through 6376, 622-6176 FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462	the US suspended all embassy activities in Tripoli on 2 May 1980
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Marina Annette VALERE chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490 FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130 consulate(s) general: Miami and New York	Libya does not have an embassy in the US
Disputes - international	Barbados will assert its claim before UNCLOS that the northern limit of Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into its waters; Guyana has also expressed its intention to challenge this boundary as it may extend into its waters as well	Chadian rebels from Aozou region reside in Libya; Libya claims about 19,400 sq km in Niger as well as part of southeastern Algeria in currently dormant disputes
Economic aid - recipient	$24 million (1999 est.)	$7 million
Economy - overview	Trinidad and Tobago, the leading Caribbean producer of oil and gas, has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The economy benefits from low inflation and a growing trade surplus. Prospects for growth in 2004 are good as prices for oil, petrochemicals, and liquified natural gas are expected to remain high, and foreign direct investment continues to grow to support expanded capacity in the energy sector. The government is coping with a rise in violent crime.	The socialist-oriented economy depends primarily upon revenues from the oil sector, which contributes practically all export earnings and about one-quarter of GDP. These oil revenues and a small population give Libya one of the highest per capita GDPs in Africa, but little of this income flows down to the lower orders of society. Import restrictions and inefficient resource allocations have led to periodic shortages of basic goods and foodstuffs. The nonoil manufacturing and construction sectors, which account for about 20% of GDP, have expanded from processing mostly agricultural products to include the production of petrochemicals, iron, steel, and aluminum. Climatic conditions and poor soils severely limit agricultural output, and Libya imports about 75% of its food. Higher oil prices in 1999 and 2000 led to an increase in export revenues, which improved macroeconomic balances and helped to stimulate the economy. The suspension of UN sanctions in 1999 also boosted growth. Libya's January 2002 51% devaluation of the official exchange rate of the dinar is another fiscal plus, although it will also bring higher inflation.
Electricity - consumption	5.341 billion kWh (2002)	18.042 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	5.743 billion kWh (2002)	19.4 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m	lowest point: Sabkhat Ghuzayyil -47 m highest point: Bikku Bitti 2,267 m
Environment - current issues	water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion	desertification; very limited natural fresh water resources; the Great Manmade River Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the Sahara to coastal cities
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban
Ethnic groups	Indian (South Asian) 40%, African 37.5%, mixed 20.5%, other 1.2%, unspecified 0.8% (2000 census)	Berber and Arab 97%, Greeks, Maltese, Italians, Egyptians, Pakistanis, Turks, Indians, Tunisians
Exchange rates	Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.299 (2004), 6.2951 (2003), 6.2487 (2002), 6.2332 (2001), 6.2998 (2000)	Libyan dinars per US dollar - 0.6501 (December 2001), 0.6501 (2001), 0.5403 (2000), 0.5403 (1999), 0.3785 (1998), 0.3891 (1997); market rate for Libyan dinars per US dollar - 1.55 (January 2002) note: Libya devalued its official rate for foreign trade on 1 January 2002 to 21.30 dinars per US dollar; the previous official rate was 0.63 dinar per US dollar (Dec 2001 )
Executive branch	chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003) head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001) cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term; election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held in 2008); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%	chief of state: Revolutionary Leader Col. Muammar Abu Minyar al-QADHAFI (since 1 September 1969); note - holds no official title, but is de facto chief of state head of government: Secretary of the General People's Committee (Premier) Mubarak al-SHAMEKH (since 2 March 2000) cabinet: General People's Committee established by the General People's Congress elections: national elections are indirect through a hierarchy of people's committees; head of government elected by the General People's Congress; election last held 2 March 2000 (next to be held NA) election results: Mubarak al-SHAMEKH elected premier; percent of General People's Congress vote - NA%
Exports	NA	$13.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities	petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers	crude oil, refined petroleum products
Exports - partners	US 67.1%, Jamaica 5.7%, France 3.5% (2004)	Italy 42%, Germany 19%, Spain 13%, Turkey 6%, France 4%, Switzerland 3%, Tunisia 2% (2000)
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	calendar year
Flag description	red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side to the lower fly side	plain green; green is the traditional color of Islam (the state religion)
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $40 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 2.7% industry: 47% services: 50.3% (2004 est.)	agriculture: 7% industry: 47% services: 46% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $10,500 (2004 est.)	purchasing power parity - $7,600 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	5.7% (2004 est.)	3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	11 00 N, 61 00 W	25 00 N, 17 00 E
Geography - note	Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt	more than 90% of the country is desert or semidesert
Heliports	-	1 (2002)
Highways	total: 8,320 km paved: 4,252 km unpaved: 4,068 km (1999 est.)	total: 24,484 km paved: 6,798 km unpaved: 17,686 km note: data for the length of unpaved roads include the assumption that because they were listed as secondary roads, they are unpaved; some may be paved and some part of the primary roads may not be paved (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis	-
Imports	NA	$8.7 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities	machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals	machinery, transport equipment, food, manufactured goods
Imports - partners	US 23.9%, Venezuela 11.5%, Germany 11.2%, Brazil 10.7%, Spain 6.4%, Italy 5.1% (2004)	Italy 25%, Germany 10%, UK 8%, France 7%, Tunisia 7%, South Korea 4% (2000)
Independence	31 August 1962 (from UK)	24 December 1951 (from Italy)
Industrial production growth rate	7.2% (2004 est.)	NA%
Industries	petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles	petroleum, food processing, textiles, handicrafts, cement
Infant mortality rate	total: 24.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 26.23 deaths/1,000 live births female: 22.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	27.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.3% (2004 est.)	13.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO	ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AL, AMF, AMU, CAEU, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OAU, OIC, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2002)
Irrigated land	30 sq km (1998 est.)	4,700 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president after consultation with the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals; the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London	Supreme Court
Labor force	590,000 (2004 est.)	1.5 million (2000 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 9.5%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, construction and utilities 12.4%, services 64.1% (1997 est.)	services 54%, industry 29%, agriculture 17% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	total: 4,348 km border countries: Algeria 982 km, Chad 1,055 km, Egypt 1,115 km, Niger 354 km, Sudan 383 km, Tunisia 459 km
Land use	arable land: 14.62% permanent crops: 9.16% other: 76.22% (2001)	arable land: 1.03% permanent crops: 0.17% other: 98.8% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese	Arabic, Italian, English, all are widely understood in the major cities
Legal system	based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	based on Italian civil law system and Islamic law; separate religious courts; no constitutional provision for judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; 16 members appointed by the ruling party, 9 by the President, 6 by the opposition party for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16 note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly with 12 members serving four-year terms	unicameral General People's Congress (NA seats; members elected indirectly through a hierarchy of people's committees)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 66.73 years male: 65.6 years female: 67.91 years (2005 est.)	total population: 75.86 years male: 73.71 years female: 78.11 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.6% male: 99.1% female: 98% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 76.2% male: 87.9% female: 63% (1995 est.)
Location	Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela	Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Egypt and Tunisia
Map references	Central America and the Caribbean	Africa
Maritime claims	measured from claimed archipelagic baselines territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental margin	territorial sea: 12 NM note: Gulf of Sidra closing line - 32 degrees, 30 minutes north
Merchant marine	total: 6 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 7,178 GRT/3,633 DWT by type: passenger 2, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 1 foreign-owned: 1 (United States 1) registered in other countries: 4 (2005)	total: 23 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 209,000 GRT/278,277 DWT ships by type: cargo 9, chemical tanker 1, liquefied gas 3, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 4, short-sea passenger 4 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Algeria 1, Kuwait 1, United Arab Emirates 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches	Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force: Ground Force, Coast Guard (includes Air Wing) (2004)	Armed Peoples on Duty (Army), Navy, Air and Air Defense Command (includes Air Force)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$66.7 million (2003)	$1.3 billion (FY99/00)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	0.6% (2003)	3.9% (FY99/00)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 1,503,647 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 890,783 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	17 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 61,694 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Independence Day, 31 August (1962)	Revolution Day, 1 September (1969)
Nationality	noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s) adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian	noun: Libyan(s) adjective: Libyan
Natural hazards	outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms	hot, dry, dust-laden ghibli is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms
Natural resources	petroleum, natural gas, asphalt	petroleum, natural gas, gypsum
Net migration rate	-10.87 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	condensate 253 km; gas 1,117 km; oil 478 km (2004)	crude oil 4,383 km; petroleum products 443 km (includes liquefied petroleum gas or LPG 256 km); natural gas 1,947 km
Political parties and leaders	National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Lennox SANKERSINGH]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TU [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]; Democratic Action Committee or DAC [Hochoy CHARLES], note - only active in Tobago	none
Political pressure groups and leaders	Jamaat-al Muslimeen [Yasin BAKR]	various Arab nationalist movements with almost negligible memberships may be functioning clandestinely, as well as some Islamic elements
Population	1,088,644 (July 2005 est.)	5,368,585 note: includes 662,669 non-nationals, of which an estimated 500,000 or more are Africans living in Libya (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	21% (1992 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	-0.74% (2005 est.)	2.41% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain	Al Khums, Banghazi, Darnah, Marsa al Burayqah, Misratah, Ra's Lanuf, Tobruk, Tripoli, Zuwarah
Radio broadcast stations	AM 4, FM 18, shortwave 0 (2004)	AM 16, FM 3, shortwave 3 (2002)
Radios	-	1.35 million (1997)
Railways	-	note: Libya has had no railroad in operation since 1965, all previous systems having been dismantled; current plans are to construct a 1.435-m standard-gauge line from the Tunisian frontier to Tripoli and Misratah, then inland to Sabha, center of a mineral-rich area, but there has been little progress; other plans made jointly with Egypt would establish a rail line from As Sallum, Egypt, to Tobruk with completion originally set for mid-1994; Libya signed contracts with two private companies - Bahne of Egypt and Jez Sistemas Ferroviarios of Spain - in 1998 for the supply of crossings and pointwork (2001)
Religions	Roman Catholic 26%, Hindu 22.5%, Anglican 7.8%, Baptist 7.2%, Pentecostal 6.8%, Seventh Day Adventist 4%, other Christian 5.8%, Muslim 5.8%, other 10.8%, unspecified 1.4%, none 1.9% (2000 census)	Sunni Muslim 97%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Telephone system	general assessment: excellent international service; good local service domestic: NA international: country code - 1-868; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana	general assessment: telecommunications system is being modernized; mobile cellular telephone system became operational in 1996 domestic: microwave radio relay, coaxial cable, cellular, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat, NA Arabsat, and NA Intersputnik; submarine cables to France and Italy; microwave radio relay to Tunisia and Egypt; tropospheric scatter to Greece; participant in Medarabtel (1999)
Telephones - main lines in use	325,100 (2002)	500,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular	361,900 (2002)	20,000 (1998)
Television broadcast stations	4 (2004)	12 (plus one low-power repeater) (1999)
Terrain	mostly plains with some hills and low mountains	mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions
Total fertility rate	1.75 children born/woman (2005 est.)	3.57 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	10.4% (2004 est.)	30% (2000 est.)
Waterways	-	none

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